New : Canadian married to French citizens need to obtain a long stay visa if they want to stay in France for more than 90 days, whatever the purpose of their stay. The visa is free of charge.
Documents needed to apply :

1 long stay application form. (download the form)

original passport. It must be valid for at least 1 year after the arrival in France. Make sure you have signed it.

1 recent color photo, format 35mm x 45mm, with a clear plain background. The height must be between 31.5mm and 36mm from chin to crown. The person’s head must be full front view centered in the middle of the photograph. Photos with hat, caps, sunglasses, etc. will not be accepted nor digitized photos. This photo will be scanned in the visa. This photo will be scanned in the visa.

1 photocopies of the spouse's French passport or of the "Carte nationale d'identité" or "Certificat de nationalité française" .

1 photocopies of the marriage certificate (must be recorded at the French consulate of the place of marriage) or of the "livret de famille" .

Canadian citizens who do not hold a valid Canadian passport cannot enter France, they need first to obtain a valid Canadian passport.

A Canadian national may enter France with a Canadian passport as long as this passport remains valid, and may stay in France during the period of validity of the passport up to 90 days without a short stay visa.

The rule requiring the passport to be valid a minimum of 3 more months after the end of the trip applies only to nationalities that are not exempted from requesting a short stay visa before departure and therefore does not apply to Canadian citizens.
Canadian citizens can stay in France until the expiry date of their passports as long as they do not engage in any activity other than tourism or business and do not exceed the number of days allowed to stay in the country without visa.

The following specific regulations or guidelines apply to Canadian citizens holding a valid Canadian passport and residing in Western Canada (BC, Alberta, Yukon, NWT) ( there may be some differences regarding the other Canadian provinces ) :

1. for a short stay :

1.1. Less than 3 months in France, including the overseas Department of Martinique, Guadeloupe, Reunion, French Guyana, or in Monaco

1.2. Less than 30 days in the overseas territories or administrative regions of New-Caledonia, Wallis-and-Futuna, French Polynesia, Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon, Mayotte

2. for Long stay without working or studying.

3. Studying ( for University Student Exchange please go to (4) France-Canada Youth Exchange agreement )

4. France-Canada Youth Exchange Agreement

5 Working

6. To open a business (specific guidelines since Canada is a member of the OECD)

7. "AU-PAIR" program

8. For a long stay in Monaco (more than 3 months)

9. For a stay between 30 days and 3 months in the overseas territories or administrative regions of New-Caledonia, Wallis-and-Futuna, French Polynesia, Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon, Mayotte

For any cases not mentioned on this page, Canadian citizens holding a valid Canadian passport should refer to the general regulations.